Old English him, originally dative masculine and neuter of he; beginning 10c. it replaced hine as masculine accusative, a regional process completed by 15c. The dative roots of the -m ending are retained in German (ihm) and Dutch (hem). Hine persists, barely, as the southern England dialectal 'un, 'n for "him."
Old English he (see paradigm of Old English third person pronoun below), from Proto-Germanic *hi- (cf. Old Saxon, Old Frisian, Middle Dutch he, hi, Dutch hy, Old High German he), from PIE *ki-, variant of *ko-, the "this, here" (as opposed to "that, there") root (cf. Hittite ki "this," Greek ekeinos "that person," Old Church Slavonic si, Lithuanian šis "this"), and thus the source of the third person pronouns in Old English. The feminine, hio, was replaced in early Middle English by forms from other stems (see she), while the h- wore off Old English neuter hit to make modern it. The Proto-Germanic root also is the source of the first element in German heute "today," literally "the day" (cf. Old English heodæg).
case | SINGULAR | - | - | PLURAL |
- | masc. | neut. | fem. | (all genders) |
nom. | he | hit | heo, hio | hie, hi |
acc. | hine | hit | hie, hi | hie, hi |
gen. | his | his | hire | hira, heora |
dat. | him | him | hire | him, heom |
He
The symbol for the element helium.
He The symbol for helium. |
type of ancient Chinese bronze vessel that was used to heat liquids and to serve wine.