1630s, "reason, rationale," from Latin ratio "reckoning, numbering, calculation; business affair, procedure," also "reason, reasoning, judgment, understanding," from rat-, past participle stem of reri "to reckon, calculate," also "think" (see reason (n.)). Mathematical sense "relationship between two numbers" is attested from 1650s.
ratio ra·tio (rā'shō, rā'shē-ō')
n. pl. ra·tios
Relation in degree or number between two similar things.
The relation between two quantities expressed as the quotient of one divided by the other.
An expression of the relative size of two numbers by showing one divided by the other.