passbook

[pas-boo k, pahs-] /ˈpæsˌbʊk, ˈpɑs-/
noun
1.
a bankbook.
2.
(formerly) a small book or ledger for each customer in which a merchant keeps a record of goods sold on credit and the amounts owed and paid.
3.
South African. reference book (def 2).
Origin
1820-30; pass + book
British Dictionary definitions for passbook

passbook

/ˈpɑːsˌbʊk/
noun
1.
a book for keeping a record of withdrawals from and payments into a building society
2.
another name for bankbook
3.
a customer's book in which is recorded by a trader a list of credit sales to that customer
4.
(formerly in South Africa) an official document serving to identify the bearer, his race, his residence, and his employment
Word Origin and History for passbook
n.

also pass-book, 1828, from pass (v.) + book (n.); apparently the notion is of the document "passing" between bank and customer.