naphtha

[naf-thuh, nap-] /ˈnæf θə, ˈnæp-/
noun
1.
a colorless, volatile petroleum distillate, usually an intermediate product between gasoline and benzine, used as a solvent, fuel, etc.
Compare mineral spirits.
2.
any of various similar liquids distilled from other products.
3.
Origin
1565-75; < Latin < Greek náphthas, perhaps < Iranian *nafta, derivative of *nab- to be damp; compare Avestan napta- damp, Persian naft naphtha
Related forms
naphthous, adjective
Examples from the web for naphtha
  • naphtha prices have again receded, so variable costs should drop soon.
  • Purified bitumen is heated to break its long hydrocarbon chains into lighter molecules, such as naphtha, that can be refined.
  • naphtha isomerization converts the straight chains to branched, significantly raising their octane number.
  • In high energy environments, the naphtha will likely disperse as small droplets in the water column.
  • In the first, naphtha vapor contacts solid sorbent particles for capturing the sulfur compounds.
  • naphtha can also be a combination of product streams from several refinery processes.
British Dictionary definitions for naphtha

naphtha

/ˈnæfθə; ˈnæp-/
noun
1.
a distillation product from coal tar boiling in the approximate range 80–170°C and containing aromatic hydrocarbons
2.
a distillation product from petroleum boiling in the approximate range 100–200°C and containing aliphatic hydrocarbons: used as a solvent and in petrol
3.
an obsolete name for petroleum
Word Origin
C16: via Latin from Greek, of Iranian origin; related to Persian neft naphtha
Word Origin and History for naphtha
n.

inflammable liquid distilled from petroleum, 1570s, from Latin, from Greek naphtha "bitumen," perhaps from Persian neft "pitch," or Aramaic naphta, nephta, but these could as well be from Greek. In Middle English as napte (late 14c.), from Old French napte, but the modern word is a re-introduction.

naphtha in Medicine

naphtha naph·tha (nāf'thə, nāp'-)
n.
Any of several highly volatile, flammable liquid mixtures of hydrocarbons distilled from petroleum, coal tar, or natural gas and used as solvents and in making various chemicals.

naphtha in Science
naphtha
  (nāf'thə)   
Any of several liquid mixtures of hydrocarbons made by refining petroleum or by breaking down coal tar. Naphtha is usually flammable, and is used as a solvent and as an ingredient in gasoline. It is also used to make plastics.
Encyclopedia Article for naphtha

any of various volatile, highly flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixtures used chiefly as solvents and diluents and as raw materials for conversion to gasoline. Naphtha was the name originally applied to the more volatile kinds of petroleum issuing from the ground in the Baku district of Azerbaijan and Iran. As early as the 1st century AD, naphtha was mentioned by the Greek writer Dioscorides and the Roman writer Pliny the Elder. Alchemists used the word principally to distinguish various mobile liquids of low boiling point, including certain ethers and esters.

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