louis

[loo-ee; French lwee] /ˈlu i; French lwi/
noun, plural louis
[loo-eez; French lwee] /ˈlu iz; French lwi/ (Show IPA)
1.
louis d'or.
Origin
1680-90

Louis

[loo-is or for 2, loo-ee] /ˈlu ɪs or for 2, ˈlu i/
noun
1.
Joe (Joseph Louis Barrow) 1914–81, U.S. boxer: world heavyweight champion 1937–49.
2.
a male given name: from a Germanic word meaning “loud battle.”.

Louis I

[loo-ee, loo-is; French lwee] /ˈlu i, ˈlu ɪs; French lwi/
noun
1.
("le Débonaire"; "the Pious") a.d. 788–840, king of France and Germany 814–840; emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 814–840 (son of Charlemagne).

Louis II

noun
1.
German Ludwig II. ("the German") a.d. 804?–876, king of Germany 843–876 (son of Louis I).
2.
a.d. 822?–875, king of Italy 844–875; emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 855–875 (son of Lothair I).

Louis IV

noun
1.
("the Bavarian") 1287?–1347, king of Germany (1314–47); emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 1328–47.

Louis V

noun
1.
("le Fainéant") a.d. 967?–987, king of France 986–987: last Carolingian to rule France.

Louis VI

noun
1.
("the Fat") 1081–1137, king of France 1108–37.

Louis VII

noun
1.
("the Young") 1121?–80, king of France 1137–80 (son of Louis VI).

Louis IX

noun
1.
Saint, 1214?–70, king of France 1226–70.

Louis XI

noun
1.
1423–83, king of France 1461–83 (son of Charles VII).

Louis XII

noun
1.
("the Father of the People") 1462–1515, king of France 1498–1515.

Louis XIII

noun
1.
1601–43, king of France 1610–43 (son of Henry IV of Navarre).

Louis XIV

noun
1.
("the Great"; "the Sun King") 1638–1715, king of France 1643–1715 (son of Louis XIII).

Louis XV

noun
1.
1710–74, king of France 1715–74 (great grandson of Louis XIV).

Louis XVI

noun
1.
1754–93, king of France 1774–92 (grandson of Louis XV and husband of Marie Antoinette).

Louis XVII

noun
1.
("Louis Charles of France") 1785–95, titular king of France 1793–95 (son of Louis XVI).

Louis XVIII

noun
1.
(Louis Xavier Stanislas) 1755–1824, king of France 1814–15, 1815–24 (brother of Louis XVI).
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British Dictionary definitions for louis

louis

/ˈluːɪ; French lwi/
noun (pl) louis (ˈluːɪz; French) (lwi)
1.
short for louis d'or

Louis

/ˈluːɪs/
noun
1.
Joe, real name Joseph Louis Barrow, nicknamed the Brown Bomber. 1914–81, US boxer; world heavyweight champion (1937–49)

Louis I

/ˈluːɪ; French lwi/
noun
1.
known as Louis the Pious or Louis the Debonair. 778–840 ad, king of France and Holy Roman Emperor (814–23, 830–33, 834–40): he was twice deposed by his sons

Louis II

noun
1.
known as Louis the German. ?804–876 ad, king of Germany (843–76); son of Louis I
2.
1845–86, king of Bavaria (1864–86): noted for his extravagant castles and his patronage of Wagner. Declared insane (1886), he drowned himself
3.
de Bourbon. See (Prince de) Condé

Louis IV

noun
1.
known as Louis the Bavarian. ?1287–1347, king of Germany (1314–47) and Holy Roman Emperor (1328–47)

Louis IX

noun
1.
known as Saint Louis. 1214–70, king of France (1226–70): led the Sixth Crusade (1248–54) and was held to ransom (1250); died at Tunis while on another crusade

Louis V

noun
1.
known as Louis le Fainéant. ?967–987 ad, last Carolingian king of France (986–87)

Louis VII

noun
1.
known as Louis le Jeune. c. 1120–80, king of France (1137–80). He engaged in frequent hostilities (1152–74) with Henry II of England

Louis XI

noun
1.
1423–83, king of France (1461–83); involved in a struggle with his vassals, esp the duke of Burgundy, in his attempt to unite France under an absolute monarchy

Louis XII

noun
1.
1462–1515, king of France (1498–1515), who fought a series of unsuccessful wars in Italy

Louis XIII

noun
1.
1601–43, king of France (1610–43). His mother (Marie de Médicis) was regent until 1617; after 1624 he was influenced by his chief minister Richelieu

Louis XIV

noun
1.
known as le roi soleil (the Sun King). 1638–1715, king of France (1643–1715); son of Louis XIII and Anne of Austria. Effective ruler from 1661, he established an absolute monarchy. His attempt to establish French supremacy in Europe, waging almost continual wars from 1667 to 1714, ultimately failed. But his reign is regarded as a golden age of French literature and art

Louis XV

noun
1.
1710–74, king of France (1715–74); great-grandson of Louis XIV. He engaged France in a series of wars, esp the disastrous Seven Years' War (1756–63), which undermined the solvency and authority of the crown

Louis XVI

noun
1.
1754–93, king of France (1774–92); grandson of Louis XV. He married Marie Antoinette in 1770 and they were guillotined during the French Revolution

Louis XVII

noun
1.
1785–95, titular king of France (1793–95) during the Revolution, after the execution of his father Louis XVI; he died in prison

Louis XVIII

noun
1.
1755–1824, king of France (1814–24); younger brother of Louis XVI. He became titular king after the death of Louis XVII (1795) and ascended the throne at the Bourbon restoration in 1814. He was forced to flee during the Hundred Days
Word Origin and History for louis

Louis

masc. proper name, from French Louis, from Old French Loois, probably via Medieval Latin Ludovicus, a Latinization of Old High German Hluodowig, literally "famous in war" (cf. Clovis; for etymology, see Ludwig). Louis Quatorze (1855) refers to styles reminiscent of the time of King Louis XIV of France (1643-1715).

louis in Culture
Louis XIV [(looh-ee)]

A king of France in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. Louis was known as the Sun King for his power and splendor. By inviting French nobles to live in luxury at his palace at Versailles, he removed them as threats and greatly increased his own power. He is known for saying, “L'état, c'est moi” (“I am the state”).

Louis XVI [(looh-ee)]

The last king of France before the French Revolution; the husband of Marie Antoinette. He at first accepted a change from absolute monarchy (see ancien régime) to constitutional monarchy in France. Then he tried to flee the country and was brought back a prisoner. Radicals, including the Jacobins, assumed control of the revolution and had Louis and Marie Antoinette beheaded for treason.

Encyclopedia Article for louis

louis d'or

gold coin circulated in France before the Revolution. The franc (q.v.) and livre were silver coins that had shrunk in value to such an extent that by 1740 coins of a larger denomination were needed. The French kings therefore had gold coins struck and called after their name Louis, or louis d'or ("gold Louis"). After the Revolution, Napoleon continued the practice but called the coins "napoleons." They had a value of 20 francs.

Learn more about louis d'or with a free trial on Britannica.com

Louis V

king of France and the last Carolingian monarch

Learn more about Louis V with a free trial on Britannica.com