-ling1

1.
a suffix of nouns, often pejorative, denoting one concerned with (hireling; underling), or diminutive (princeling; duckling).
Origin
Middle English, Old English; cognate with German -ling, Old Norse -lingr, Gothic -lings; see -le, -ing1

-ling2

1.
an adverbial suffix expressing direction, position, state, etc.:
darkling; sideling.
Origin
Middle English, Old English; adv. use of gradational variant lang long1
British Dictionary definitions for -ling

-ling1

suffix
1.
(often derogatory) a person or thing belonging to or associated with the group, activity, or quality specified: nestling, underling
2.
used as a diminutive: duckling
Word Origin
Old English -ling, of Germanic origin; related to Icelandic -lingr, Gothic -lings

-ling2

suffix
1.
in a specified condition, manner, or direction: darkling, sideling
Word Origin
Old English -ling, adverbial suffix
Word Origin and History for -ling

diminutive word-forming element, early 14c., from Old English -ling a nominal suffix (not originally diminutive), from Proto-Germanic *-linga-; attested in historical Germanic languages as a simple suffix, but probably representing a fusion of the suffixes represented by English -le (cf. icicle, thimble, handle), from Old English -ol, -ul, -el; and -ing, suffix indicating "person or thing of a specific kind or origin;" in masculine nouns also "son of" (cf. farthing, atheling, Old English horing "adulterer, fornicator").

Both these suffixes had occasional diminutive force, but this was only slightly evident in Old English -ling and its equivalents in Germanic languages except Norse, where it commonly was used as a diminutive suffix, especially in words designating the young of animals (e.g. gæslingr "gosling"). Thus it is possible that the diminutive use that developed in Middle English is from Old Norse.